Toum
Garlic and oil beaten to a stiff white emulsion with nothing else in it but lemon and salt. No egg, no dairy — the garlic itself does the emulsifying, which is why it can split so spectacularly.
Photograph credit: Toum by Charles Haynes · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Flickr · this resized copy is shared under the same licence
Photograph credit: Toum by Charles Haynes · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Flickr · this resized copy is shared under the same licence
Toum: Step by Step
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Blitz the garlic and salt in a tall narrow food processor to a fine paste, stopping twice to scrape down the sides. Every piece must be broken.
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Add 1 tbsp of the lemon juice and blitz again to a smooth, pale slurry.
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With the motor running, add the oil in the thinnest thread you can manage. For the first 150 ml this should feel absurdly slow.
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Once it has visibly thickened and turned white, alternate: a tablespoon of lemon or ice water, then more oil, keeping the thread thin.
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Continue until all the oil is in and the sauce stands up in stiff peaks like a meringue.
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Scrape into a jar and refrigerate at least 60 minutes before serving; the raw heat softens considerably as it sits.
Related guides: Prep, cook and total time · Rescuing a split sauce.
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Keep an Eye on These
- Remove the green germ from every clove or the sauce turns bitter.
- A thin thread of oil. Rushing the first cup is what splits it.
- If it splits, start over with one clove and add the broken sauce as if it were oil.
If You're Missing Something
- An eighth of a teaspoon of garlic powder per clove is the stand-in usually given when you are out of fresh garlic; it will not brown the same way, and it burns easily, so add it with the liquid.
The Short Version
Toum is an emulsion held together by the mucilage in raw garlic, and there is very little of it — so the oil has to go in slowly enough that every drop is broken up before the next arrives. A thin thread for the first cup, no faster. Pull the germ out of each clove first, too: the green shoot is where the bitterness lives, and in a sauce that is four-fifths oil there is nothing else to hide behind. If it splits, it can be rescued: start again with one fresh clove and dribble the broken sauce into it as if it were oil.
To Go With It
Grilled chicken · Arayes · Batata harra
Keeping Toum
Refrigerated in a sealed jar for 3 weeks. It mellows over the first few days. Do not freeze — it separates.
Common Questions
How long does Toum take to make?
15 minutes of preparation and of cooking, plus 1 hour of chilling before serving, so allow 1 hour 15 minutes from start to finish. The recipe serves 12.
Toum Nutrition Facts
Per serving, calculated from the ingredient list with USDA FoodData Central figures (SR Legacy). A calculation, not a laboratory analysis: brands, cuts and how you measure change the real numbers. How the figures are worked out.
Your notes on this recipe
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Compiled by Turab
Checked by script for timings, diet labels and nutrition arithmetic. How the recipes are checked. Found a mistake? Tell us.
First published ; last changed .